Lightning-arrester.



stares PATENT onirica.

:FRANK W. BEEK, JR., or scnENEc'iADY, NEW YORK, AssIGNoR To GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A coRroRAi'IoN or. NEW Youn. Y

LIGHTNING-ARBESTER.

Appncati'n iea February i'o, i909'. serial No. 775,159.

To all whom t may concern:

' Be it known that I, FRANK PEER, Jr., a citizenof the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and `useful Improvements in Lightning- ...Arresters, of which the following is a speciication.

iol

fective as possible, itl is, therefore, impor-4 tant to reduce theself-induction of the discharge circuit to a minimum.t

According to my invention, a closed electrical circuit .is placed in inductive relation to the discharge circuit, the vclosed electrical 'circuit acting as a secondary, and, according to Well-known electrical laws, absorbing the lines of force established around'the primary circuit by the genera'- tion of a current, and in this manner reducing the self-induction of t-he dischargef circuit.

Figure 1 illustrates diagrammatically the'relation of the primary discharge circuit and the closed secondary circuit; Fig.

2 shows somewhat diagrammatically a'. single straight discharge circuit surround-- ed by tWo concentric conductive sheatlis electrically connected at each end; Fig. `3 illustrates an embodiment of myvinvention in connection With the Well-known form of 'aluminum cell gapV lightning arrester; and Fig. t illustrates my invention as applied to an aluminum cell no-gap surge pro;- tector.

F ig. lillustrates in its simplest `form-an oscillatory circuit containing the'condensers 1, 2, and a spark gap 3. Theclosed circuit 4 is interlinkedinductively With the closed As already explained above, a

circuit 5. current in circuit t inducesa current in circuit 5, thus decreasing .the self-induction in the circuit il. The effect of al closed electrical ,circuit upon the self-induction of' `another circuit in inductive relation thereto lis so weil understood by ums@ kiiied in the v art that further explanation is not vnecessary In Fig. 2 the discharge circuito isv surrounded by tv vo concentric conductive sheaths 7, 8, insulated fromthe circuit@ by suitable bushings 9. The sheaths 7, 8 are `connected lelectrically at the 'top andbottom, as clearly shown. A discharge to ground throughthe circuit 6, as indicated by the arrows, will induce a current in the` opposite direction in sheath 2; the sheath l8 being removed a greater distance from the Wire G will have no appreciable current induced in it, land Specitca'tionl'ofLetters-Patent, Ptented'sepii. 30,1i13.

the effect will, therefore, be that the currentwill circulate thrcugl'rtlie closed circuit vrepresented by slieaths'? and 3 :in the,

direction as indi'ir ated by the arrows.; Fig. Bl-shows the yWell-known form electrolyticv aluminum 'condenser cells connected to af three-phase transmission system. The cells 10, 11,12 are connected respectively 'to the lines 13,14, 15 through I the spark gaps 16, *17,* 18. vThe cells'IO,

11, 12 are all connected toa'comnioii neutral;

and the cell 19 is connected between-the neutral point and round.` As'is Well un-A derstood,- the aluminu i arrester 4cell lconsists lessentially of a plurality' of 'aluminum plates immersed in .a suitable" electrolyte. The particular form of-cell shown in I-coniiection with this figure is illustrated-'diagrammatically by cell 10, shown in' section',--v

The aluminum* pla-tes'- are tray fshape'd,

serving to contain the electrolyte,.and are' superimposed upon eachother. They are inclosed in a Vmetallic container 10ft, one

terminal being insulated therefrom by-.a'

suitable bushing 10", and the-other terminal' being in-cont-act with the container. The

plates are commonly surrounded .by aninsulating bath of oil. The metalliocontainv' ers of the cells |being already connected' electrically, the lower ends can. be made- Ato .serve as part 'of the interlinked secondarycircuit by'/ merely connecting electrically the upper ends. .According to thepresent. embodiment of my invention this is -done by lmeans of Wires 20, 21,-l 2,2. A surge figoni conductor 13 to conductor; 1li ofthe mission system, for exam-ple, vwhich] through cells 10 and 11-,induces acurrent--in the closed circuit formed by the containers 4of these cells'and their metallic connections' in thesame 'manneras illustrated diagrammaticallv in Fig. 1,. Y v

Fig. 4 shows' a similar scheme of connections as applied :to a formof no-gap lightning arrester, commonly known as the surge 1 protector. This form -of arrester consists of 'a plurality of aluminum condenser cel1s23 v'connected in vseries and inclo'sed in an oilcontaining tank 24, most commonlyniade of l' iron. The groups of cells 25, 26,27 are connected respect'ively'to the conduct-ors 28, 29,

30 of the transmission system. lIn the system 'here' shown they are connected yto a neuff" trall similarly tothe cells illustrated in Fig. y

3, and the group of ycells 31 is connected between the neutral and ground. s Cor-respondving ends of the metallic tanks are connected by electrical-conductors 32. It is obvious that a surge from conductor'28 through the groups .of cellsv 25 vand 26 to conductor 29 will induce a4 currentin the closed inter-I linked circuit'formed by the metallic containers of thesev groupsand their connec tions, "and, in this-manner reduces the selfinduction of the circuit. Wha-t I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,- 1. In a' lightning arrester, the combination of a discharge vpath of low impedance to high frequency oscillations and a permanently closed electricalcircuit of low impedance inductitfely interlinked with 'said discharge pat-h and subject only to those electromotive forces Iwhich are induced in itby discharges in said discharge path.

2. The combination of a plurality of eleci trolytic lightning arrester cells, metallic con- 7 tainers for said cells, and electrical connecimpedance inductively interlinked with said cell to decrease -the self-induction ot' said discharge circuit.

y5. The combination of line conductors,

electrolytic condenser cells in operative relation thereto, and metallic connections in inductive relation to said cells for forming a closed electrical circuit of low impedance and thereby decreasing the self inductance of th \circuit through said cells.

, 6. n a protective device, the combination with .a transmission line, of a surge protector comprising a current conductor operal tively related to said transmission line and forming a path for high frequency oscillatory currents, and a permanently closed electrical circuit inductively inteijlinked with said current conductor.

In witness whereof Ihate hereunto set my hand this 8th day of February, 1909.

`FRi-ll lV. PEEK, JR.

lVitnesses l BENJAMIN B. HULL, HELEN O'RFonD. 

